Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in adults in the United States. Although nobody looks forward to colon cancer screening tests, the good news is there are different testing options available. This means you can choose which screening test you get. This article will discuss colorectal cancer screening tests, why they are essential and when you should get one.
What Are Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests?
Colorectal screening tests are routine tests that show any abnormal tissue, polyps or cancer. These screenings are vital because the earlier abnormalities or cancer are found, the easier it is to treat.
Who Should Get One?
It’s recommended that every adult ages 45-75 get a colorectal cancer screening test. After age 75, the decision to get screened is a personal choice and should be discussed with your doctor. Who gets a colorectal screening test and when will likely depend on your risk level.
Low Risk
If your doctor determines you’re at a low risk of colon cancer, you might be able to choose the type of test you get. People at low or average risk of colon cancer are usually healthy adults with no family history or medical conditions that put them at risk of getting colorectal cancer.
High Risk
People at high risk of getting colorectal cancer will be screened more carefully and more often.
You’re considered high-risk if you:
- Have a personal or family history of colorectal cancer
- Have a history of Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis
- Personal or family history of a certain type of polyps
- Family history of hereditary conditions that put you at high risk for getting colorectal cancer
- History of radiation to your abdomen or pelvis
Types of Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests
To help people get screened for cancer, there are now different test options. Here are the types of screening tests available and how often you should get them.
Stool test
Stool tests are best for people considered to be low-risk. They are easy to do and can be done at home. You’ll get a home kit to collect a tiny stool sample. You’ll get step-by-step directions on how to do this and send it back to the lab. The lab will test your sample to see if you have any blood in your stool. If blood is detected, you’ll likely need further testing.
Flexible Sigmoidoscopy
This test will be done at your doctor’s office. They will insert a very small, thin tube into your rectum so they can see the rectum and the lower part of your colon. This test can find polyps or cancer and should be done every 5 or 10 years with a stool test.
Colonoscopy
A colonoscopy is the test most people are familiar with and one of the best options for colorectal cancer screening. This test is similar to the flexible sigmoidoscopy, but your doctor can see the entire colon. This test is very thorough because your doctor can see more and they can remove any polyps you might have. This test is recommended every 10 years.
CT Colonography
A CT colonography is also called a virtual colonoscopy. This test uses computerized x-ray images so your doctor can see your colon and look for abnormalities. A CT colonography is recommended every 5 years.
Which Screening Test Is Right For Me?
When it comes to getting a colorectal cancer screening, everyone is different. Which screening test you get will be determined by several factors, including your personal preference. If you’re wondering what test is right for you, talk to your doctor and see what they recommend.
If you have a choice about which screening test you get, your decision might be based on factors like:
- Your personal history of polyps or cancer
- A family history of colorectal cancer
- Any medical conditions you have, including certain genetic disorders that put you at a higher risk of getting colon cancer
- Resources and tests you have available to you
- The likelihood you’ll get the test done
Why Should You Get A Colorectal Cancer Screening Test?
At some point, every American will get a recommendation to get this screening test. Colon and rectal cancer is the second most common cancer death of adults in the United States. The death rate of colorectal cancer has decreased in populations where more people get colorectal cancer screenings.
Getting this screening could save your life. The earlier you find abnormalities or cancer, the easier it is to treat. If you need a screening, talk to your healthcare provider today.
Sources:
Key Statistics For Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests
